1、瓦斯發(fā)電機(jī)組尾氣的余熱利用簡(jiǎn)介?對(duì)于瓦斯發(fā)電機(jī)組，瓦斯產(chǎn)生的能量只有30%—35%被轉(zhuǎn)化為電能，約有30%—35%隨高溫尾氣排出，約20%—25%被發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)自身冷卻系統(tǒng)帶走，約10%以機(jī)身散熱和阻力等其他損耗。瓦斯發(fā)電機(jī)組余熱利用就是通過(guò)專用設(shè)備將機(jī)組排出的高溫尾氣和冷卻系統(tǒng)帶走的熱量回收，再輸送到需要熱源的車間或居民小區(qū)

　　1. Introduction to the utilization of waste heat from exhaust gas of gas generator sets? For gas generator sets, only 30% -35% of the energy generated by gas is converted into electrical energy, about 30% -35% is discharged with high-temperature exhaust gas, about 20% -25% is taken away by the engine's own cooling system, and about 10% is used for other losses such as body heat dissipation and resistance. The utilization of waste heat from gas generator sets refers to the recovery of high-temperature exhaust gas and heat carried away by the cooling system through specialized equipment, and then transported to workshops or residential areas that require heat sources

　　。例如，國(guó)內(nèi)廣泛使用的500KW低濃度瓦斯發(fā)電機(jī)組，其產(chǎn)生的高溫尾氣熱量經(jīng)熱管空預(yù)器回收后，可向企業(yè)車間供熱風(fēng)，或在冬季向煤礦風(fēng)井巷道供熱風(fēng)防止凍井；如果向辦公室、居民小區(qū)或浴室供熱，可加裝熱管換熱器（熱管省煤器），每臺(tái)換熱器可產(chǎn)生90℃以上的熱水近4噸/小時(shí)，解決4000m2以上建筑面積采暖或中型浴池洗浴。

　　. For example, the widely used 500KW low concentration gas generator set in China can provide hot air to enterprise workshops or supply hot air to coal mine ventilation shafts in winter to prevent freezing after the high-temperature exhaust heat generated is recovered by the heat pipe air preheater; If heating is provided to offices, residential areas, or bathrooms, heat pipe heat exchangers (heat pipe economizers) can be installed. Each heat exchanger can generate nearly 4 tons/hour of hot water above 90 ℃, solving the heating needs of buildings with an area of over 4000m2 or medium-sized bathhouses.

　　瓦斯發(fā)電機(jī)組產(chǎn)生的尾氣只要成分是CO2，溫度在550℃左右，通常情況下，每臺(tái)機(jī)組（500KW）產(chǎn)生的煙氣流量在2130Nm3/h以上。隨著瓦斯資源的深度開(kāi)發(fā)，充分利用能源，合理利用瓦斯發(fā)電機(jī)組尾氣余熱是大勢(shì)所趨。?1.1、瓦斯發(fā)電機(jī)組余熱回收的工作原理?在瓦斯發(fā)電機(jī)組排氣系統(tǒng)安裝熱管余熱回收裝置，即熱管空預(yù)器（熱風(fēng)利用）或熱管換熱器（熱水利用）或熱管蒸發(fā)器（低壓飽和蒸汽利用），通過(guò)熱動(dòng)力循環(huán)設(shè)備（即大功率風(fēng)機(jī)或熱水利用管道循環(huán)泵或蒸汽管道）將低溫交換介質(zhì)（空氣或者軟化水）送到余熱回收裝置，經(jīng)加熱的低溫交換介質(zhì)變成熱源直接或者再次交換后輸送給終端客戶使用。

　　The exhaust gas generated by a gas generator set, as long as the component is CO2 and the temperature is around 550 ℃, usually produces a flue gas flow rate of 2130Nm3/h or more per unit (500KW). With the deep development of gas resources, it is the trend to fully utilize energy and make reasonable use of the waste heat from the exhaust gas of gas generators.? 1.1 Working principle of waste heat recovery for gas generator sets? Install a heat pipe waste heat recovery device in the exhaust system of a gas generator unit, namely a heat pipe air preheater (hot air utilization), heat pipe heat exchanger (hot water utilization), or heat pipe evaporator (low-pressure saturated steam utilization). The low-temperature exchange medium (air or softened water) is sent to the waste heat recovery device through a thermal power circulation device (i.e. high-power fan or hot water utilization pipeline circulation pump or steam pipeline), and the heated low-temperature exchange medium becomes a heat source and is directly or re exchanged before being transported to end customers for use.

　　1.2、瓦斯發(fā)電機(jī)組余熱回收的主要用途?余熱回收的方式根據(jù)各個(gè)企業(yè)所需要的熱源不同有空氣置換余熱、軟化水置換余熱產(chǎn)生熱水以及軟化水置換余熱產(chǎn)生蒸汽三種。余熱回收后的主要用途有以下幾種：（1）煤礦巷道暖井（風(fēng)井供熱風(fēng)）：在北方的冬季，煤礦風(fēng)井巷道都需要熱風(fēng)爐暖井。把低濃度瓦斯發(fā)電機(jī)組產(chǎn)生的高溫尾氣經(jīng)過(guò)熱管空預(yù)器，將冷空氣加熱，可以得到高溫?zé)犸L(fēng)通過(guò)煙道與風(fēng)井處得熱管空預(yù)器再次換熱后的熱空氣送入風(fēng)井，從而降低井下熱風(fēng)爐的熱量輸出，節(jié)約電能。

　　1.2. What are the main uses of waste heat recovery in gas generator sets? The methods of waste heat recovery vary depending on the heat source required by each enterprise, including air replacement waste heat, softened water replacement waste heat to produce hot water, and softened water replacement waste heat to produce steam. The main uses of waste heat recovery are as follows: (1) coal mine tunnel heating (air shaft heating air): In winter in the north, coal mine air shaft tunnels require hot air stoves to warm the shafts. The high-temperature exhaust gas generated by the low concentration gas generator unit is passed through a heat pipe air preheater, and the cold air is heated to obtain high-temperature hot air. The hot air is then sent to the air shaft through the flue and the heat pipe air preheater for further heat exchange, thereby reducing the heat output of the underground hot air stove and saving electricity.

　?。?）烘干、采暖和洗浴用熱源：?企業(yè)生產(chǎn)工藝中的烘干、采暖和洗浴常年需要熱源。在發(fā)電機(jī)組煙道出口加裝一臺(tái)熱管換熱器（熱管省煤器），通過(guò)熱水循環(huán)泵幾個(gè)低溫水送到熱管換熱器，經(jīng)過(guò)熱交換的軟化水為熱源（90℃以上）供給企業(yè)生產(chǎn)使用，冷卻后的軟化水在返回?zé)峁軗Q熱器，如此往復(fù)循環(huán)。?（3）余熱制冷：目前廣泛采用溴化鋰吸收式制冷。用熱管蒸發(fā)器吸收低濃度瓦斯發(fā)電機(jī)組余熱回收的熱量。

　　(2) Drying, heating, and bathing heat sources:? Drying, heating, and bathing in enterprise production processes require heat sources year-round. Install a heat pipe heat exchanger (heat pipe economizer) at the outlet of the generator set flue, and send several low-temperature water to the heat pipe heat exchanger through a hot water circulation pump. The softened water after heat exchange is used as a heat source (above 90 ℃) for enterprise production, and the cooled softened water returns to the heat pipe heat exchanger, repeating the cycle.? (3) Waste heat refrigeration: Currently, lithium bromide absorption refrigeration is widely used. Use a heat pipe evaporator to absorb the heat recovered from the waste heat of a low concentration gas generator set.

　?。?）余熱發(fā)電：通過(guò)多臺(tái)瓦斯發(fā)電機(jī)組尾氣的余熱回收，安裝熱管蒸發(fā)器，產(chǎn)生的飽和蒸汽并往后拖動(dòng)汽輪機(jī)組進(jìn)行二次發(fā)電，發(fā)電后的冷凝水亦可制冷或者供暖，給企業(yè)帶來(lái)可觀的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。

　　(4) Waste heat power generation: By recovering the waste heat from the exhaust gas of multiple gas generator units, installing heat pipe evaporators, and generating saturated steam, the steam turbine units are then driven for secondary power generation. The condensed water after power generation can also be used for cooling or heating, bringing considerable economic benefits to the enterprise.

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